Shaheed Syed Nazrul Islam Medical College Journal
Volume 11, Issue 1
January, 2026
Vitamin D Status in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women of Rural Area of Bangladesh
*Rahman M,1 Sultana R,2 Pinki SN,3 Azad MK4
Abstract
Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder and vitamin D deficiency is common in the general population as well as PCOS women in many parts of the world. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with calcium dysregulation, which contributes to the development of follicular arrest in women with PCOS and results in menstrual and fertility dysfunction.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the vitamin D status among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) living in a rural area of Bangladesh and to compare it with age-matched non-PCOS controls.
Methods: A case–control study was conducted at a tertiary outpatient clinic in Kishoreganj, Bangladesh, from July 2023 to June 2025. A total of 202 women were enrolled, including 101 women with PCOS diagnosed and 101 age-matched controls. Anthropometric measurements were recorded, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured by immunoassay. Vitamin D status was classified according to Endocrine Society guidelines. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age of study participants were 24.27±6.49 years and 24.30 ±6.54 in case and control groups respectively, with the mean BMI was 22 in cases and 20.5 in control group (15-32 kg/m2). Vitamin D status was found insufficient with the mean of 19.28±6.10 ng/ml among PCOS women whereas the mean vitamin D status among control women was 27.45±5.87 ng/ml which was significantly higher (<0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was more profound in 21-30 years of age group (48.5%) and overweight PCOS women were found to be more deficient (48.5%) compared to control group. Earlier studies have indicated that lower vitamin D levels may be linked to greater metabolic disturbances in women with PCOS.
Conclusion: We found the evidence from this case control study that there is an association between low vitamin D level and PCOS. Therefore, further research with high quality randomized controlled trials is warranted to establish the impact of vitamin D deficiency in PCOS and it’s supplementation on the management of PCOS.
[Shaheed Syed Nazrul Islam Med Col J 2026, Jan; 11 (1):7-13]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69699/ssnimcj.2026.11.1.2
Keywords: PCOS, 25 (OH) D.
1. * Dr. Mizanur Rahman, Associate Professor (In situ), Shaheed Sayed Nazrul Islam Medical College Hospital Kishoreganj. mizan59dmc@yahoo.com.
2. Dr. Rebeka Sultana, Junior Consultant (CC), Directorate General Health Services (OSD), BMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
3. Dr. Sumaiya Nousheen Pinki, Lecturer, Department of Pharmacology, Holy Family Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
4. Dr. Md. Abul Kalam Azad, Pro Vice Chancellor (Administration), Bangladesh Medical University (BMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
*For correspondence