Tag: Mortality

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ssnimcj2025v10i1s9

Original

Effect of Pre-existing Ischemic Heart Disease on 30-Days Mortality in COVID-19 Patients

 Iqbal MH,1 *Moontaha H,2 Sarker BK,3 Paul MR,4 Chowdhury AW5

 

  1. Dr. Md. Hasan Iqbal, MBBS, Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh
  2. *Dr. Hashiba Moontaha, MBBS, FCPS (Gynaecology& Obstetrics), Department of Gynaecology& Obstetrics, Dhaka Medical College &Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh;hashibapriom@gmail.com
  3. Dr. Bikash Kumar Sarker, Infectious Diseases Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  4. Dr. Mira Rani Paul, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
  5. Professor Dr. Abdul Wadud Chowdhury, Director, National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

 *For correspondence

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 has emerged as a multisystem inflammatory disorder with significant cardiovascular implications. Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions may be particularly vulnerable to severe outcomes, yet data from developing countries regarding the impact of pre-existing ischemic heart disease (IHD) on COVID-19 outcomes remains limited.

Objective: To investigate the effect of pre-existing ischemic heart disease on 30-day mortality in COVID-19 patients at a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted at Dhaka Medical College Hospital over twelve months, enrolling 120 RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients (60 with pre-existing IHD, 60 without IHD). Clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, and treatment modalities were assessed. Outcomes included in-hospital mortality, complications, and 30-day mortality. Data analysis included chi-square tests, t-tests, and multivariable logistic regression.

Results: COVID-19 patients with pre-existing IHD showed significantly higher rates of critical disease (30.0% vs 11.6%, p=0.002), cardiac complications including acute myocardial infarction (45.0% vs 0%, p=0.001), and heart failure (28.3% vs 6.66%, p=0.001). The IHD group required more intensive care (71.6% vs 36.6%, p<0.001) and demonstrated higher in-hospital mortality (36.6% vs 10%, p<0.001) and 30-day mortality (60.0% vs 16.6%, p<0.001). After adjusting for confounders, pre-existing IHD independently predicted 30-day mortality (OR=7.25, 95% CI=2.17-24.23).

Conclusion: COVID-19 patients with pre-existing IHD experience significantly worse outcomes, including higher rates of complications and mortality. These findings emphasize the need for enhanced monitoring and aggressive management strategies for COVID-19 patients with pre-existing IHD in Bangladesh.

[Shaheed Syed Nazrul Islam Med Col J 2025, Jan; 10 (1):63-72]

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69699/ssnimcj2025v10i1s9

Keywords: COVID-19, Ischemic Heart Disease, Bangladesh, Mortality, Cardiovascular Complications